Cloud burst floods in J&K

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           Cloud burst hit Kishtwar’s Honzar village in the upper reaches of the Jammu region on 28.07.2021(Wednesday).Seven people were killed and five in a critical condition, 17 people were rescued by the members of State Disaster Relief Force (SDRF) and 35 were missing. There were chances of flash flood and landslips in parts of Jammu and Kashmir. In this blog we going to discuss what is cloud burst.

Cloud burst:

       Cloud Burst is a sudden, heavy rainfall in a small area that leads to violent floods and landslides. Cloud burst are caused by a phenomenal condition known as orographic lift.

           

  •            Cloud burst occurs near the mountain region because mountains are the only landforms near to the clouds the impact is much higher compare to other landforms. Clouds basically form due to the condensation of water vapour . Once clouds are formed the density of the clouds increases the next step is precipitation. And let us consider Himalayas to understand cloud burst.
  •           The moisture carrying air moves towards the Himalayan Mountains where the temperature is comparatively low. When warm air rises it does not rise in a straight upward pattern because there are winds that flow horizontally hence the direction is little sideways. 
  •           Due to law of thermodynamics the heat moves from are of higher temperature to area of lower temperature which means heat can move anywhere, up and down, sideways depending on the temperature difference. The temperature difference is what drives heat in any given direction that is how the warmer air of southern region moves towards the Himalayan region.
  •           When the warm air carrying the moisture towards a hilly Terrain, the mountain surface will heat up however the mountain will also lose heat faster than the valley floor and that’s what makes the mountains cool. Now the warm air of the valley rises and moves towards the Himalayan Colden region.
              


  •           We know that troposphere is cold but it is very high up in the sky somewhere around 15 kilometer high before the warm air reaches the troposphere at the mid altitude the warmer gets attracted towards the colder region that exist at the top of a mountain.
  •               The warm air rises upward along the slope of the mountains warm air then starts to cool because atmospheric pressure decreases with altitude as the warm air begins to cool the water vapour present in it starts to condense then clouds begin to form it forms a vertical form of clouds known as cumulonimbus clouds they are the reason they are formed in a column is because they are unable to move as quickly as the continuous incoming of the moisture from below as a result they gets tightly packed.
  •                 Now the a vertical column of clouds known as cumulonimbus clouds appear at in height of three to five kilometer These clouds contain huge amount of water vapour when it stops in a one place the water within the clouds begin to mix together the density of the clouds increases greatly with weight of the drops and suddenly it bursts.
                

                Since this clouds burst at higher elevation the rain water does not stop on the mountain so the water comes down with the mud and stone that is why you see extreme rainfalls and flash floods which cause lot of damage even the 2013 uttrakand floods and the J&k floods now were the example of phenomena so basically cloud occurs due to orgragphic lift of warm air parcels.

                 

           

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